Design of fractional order PID controller for AVR system using whale optimization algorithm

In this paper a robust fractional order PID (FOPID) controller is proposed to control the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system, tuning of gains are done using whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and integral time absolute error (ITAE) cost function adopted achieve an efficient performance. The transient analysis was compared with conventional in terms overshoot, settling time, rise peak explain superiority controller. Finally, robustness by adding external disturbances system changing parameters ±20% from its original value, overcomes signals less than 0.25 s faces changes values returning response within (0.7-1) sec led desired efficiently. numerical simulations showed that smart WOA offers satisfying results faster reflected clearly on stable performance improving AVR response.